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/wp-includes/ -> class-json.php (source)

   1  <?php
   2  if ( !class_exists( 'Services_JSON' ) ) :
   3  /* vim: set expandtab tabstop=4 shiftwidth=4 softtabstop=4: */
   4  /**
   5   * Converts to and from JSON format.
   6   *
   7   * JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data-interchange
   8   * format. It is easy for humans to read and write. It is easy for machines
   9   * to parse and generate. It is based on a subset of the JavaScript
  10   * Programming Language, Standard ECMA-262 3rd Edition - December 1999.
  11   * This feature can also be found in  Python. JSON is a text format that is
  12   * completely language independent but uses conventions that are familiar
  13   * to programmers of the C-family of languages, including C, C++, C#, Java,
  14   * JavaScript, Perl, TCL, and many others. These properties make JSON an
  15   * ideal data-interchange language.
  16   *
  17   * This package provides a simple encoder and decoder for JSON notation. It
  18   * is intended for use with client-side Javascript applications that make
  19   * use of HTTPRequest to perform server communication functions - data can
  20   * be encoded into JSON notation for use in a client-side javascript, or
  21   * decoded from incoming Javascript requests. JSON format is native to
  22   * Javascript, and can be directly eval()'ed with no further parsing
  23   * overhead
  24   *
  25   * All strings should be in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
  26   *
  27   * LICENSE: Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
  28   * without modification, are permitted provided that the following
  29   * conditions are met: Redistributions of source code must retain the
  30   * above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following
  31   * disclaimer. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
  32   * copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
  33   * in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
  34   * distribution.
  35   *
  36   * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
  37   * WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
  38   * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN
  39   * NO EVENT SHALL CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
  40   * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
  41   * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
  42   * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
  43   * ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR
  44   * TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE
  45   * USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
  46   * DAMAGE.
  47   *
  48   * @category
  49   * @package        Services_JSON
  50   * @author        Michal Migurski <mike-json@teczno.com>
  51   * @author        Matt Knapp <mdknapp[at]gmail[dot]com>
  52   * @author        Brett Stimmerman <brettstimmerman[at]gmail[dot]com>
  53   * @copyright    2005 Michal Migurski
  54   * @version     CVS: $Id: JSON.php 288200 2009-09-09 15:41:29Z alan_k $
  55   * @license        http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
  56   * @link        http://pear.php.net/pepr/pepr-proposal-show.php?id=198
  57   */
  58  
  59  /**
  60   * Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
  61   */
  62  define('SERVICES_JSON_SLICE', 1);
  63  
  64  /**
  65   * Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
  66   */
  67  define('SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR',  2);
  68  
  69  /**
  70   * Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
  71   */
  72  define('SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR',  3);
  73  
  74  /**
  75   * Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
  76   */
  77  define('SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ',  4);
  78  
  79  /**
  80   * Marker constant for Services_JSON::decode(), used to flag stack state
  81   */
  82  define('SERVICES_JSON_IN_CMT', 5);
  83  
  84  /**
  85   * Behavior switch for Services_JSON::decode()
  86   */
  87  define('SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE', 16);
  88  
  89  /**
  90   * Behavior switch for Services_JSON::decode()
  91   */
  92  define('SERVICES_JSON_SUPPRESS_ERRORS', 32);
  93  
  94  /**
  95   * Converts to and from JSON format.
  96   *
  97   * Brief example of use:
  98   *
  99   * <code>
 100   * // create a new instance of Services_JSON
 101   * $json = new Services_JSON();
 102   *
 103   * // convert a complexe value to JSON notation, and send it to the browser
 104   * $value = array('foo', 'bar', array(1, 2, 'baz'), array(3, array(4)));
 105   * $output = $json->encode($value);
 106   *
 107   * print($output);
 108   * // prints: ["foo","bar",[1,2,"baz"],[3,[4]]]
 109   *
 110   * // accept incoming POST data, assumed to be in JSON notation
 111   * $input = file_get_contents('php://input', 1000000);
 112   * $value = $json->decode($input);
 113   * </code>
 114   */
 115  class Services_JSON
 116  {
 117   /**
 118      * constructs a new JSON instance
 119      *
 120      * @param int $use object behavior flags; combine with boolean-OR
 121      *
 122      *                        possible values:
 123      *                        - SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE:  loose typing.
 124      *                                "{...}" syntax creates associative arrays
 125      *                                instead of objects in decode().
 126      *                        - SERVICES_JSON_SUPPRESS_ERRORS:  error suppression.
 127      *                                Values which can't be encoded (e.g. resources)
 128      *                                appear as NULL instead of throwing errors.
 129      *                                By default, a deeply-nested resource will
 130      *                                bubble up with an error, so all return values
 131      *                                from encode() should be checked with isError()
 132      */
 133  	function Services_JSON($use = 0)
 134      {
 135          $this->use = $use;
 136      }
 137  
 138   /**
 139      * convert a string from one UTF-16 char to one UTF-8 char
 140      *
 141      * Normally should be handled by mb_convert_encoding, but
 142      * provides a slower PHP-only method for installations
 143      * that lack the multibye string extension.
 144      *
 145      * @param    string  $utf16  UTF-16 character
 146      * @return string  UTF-8 character
 147      * @access private
 148      */
 149  	function utf162utf8($utf16)
 150      {
 151          // oh please oh please oh please oh please oh please
 152          if(function_exists('mb_convert_encoding')) {
 153              return mb_convert_encoding($utf16, 'UTF-8', 'UTF-16');
 154          }
 155  
 156          $bytes = (ord($utf16[0]) << 8) | ord($utf16[1]);
 157  
 158          switch(true) {
 159              case ((0x7F & $bytes) == $bytes):
 160                  // this case should never be reached, because we are in ASCII range
 161                  // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 162                  return chr(0x7F & $bytes);
 163  
 164              case (0x07FF & $bytes) == $bytes:
 165                  // return a 2-byte UTF-8 character
 166                  // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 167                  return chr(0xC0 | (($bytes >> 6) & 0x1F))
 168                      . chr(0x80 | ($bytes & 0x3F));
 169  
 170              case (0xFFFF & $bytes) == $bytes:
 171                  // return a 3-byte UTF-8 character
 172                  // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 173                  return chr(0xE0 | (($bytes >> 12) & 0x0F))
 174                      . chr(0x80 | (($bytes >> 6) & 0x3F))
 175                      . chr(0x80 | ($bytes & 0x3F));
 176          }
 177  
 178          // ignoring UTF-32 for now, sorry
 179          return '';
 180      }
 181  
 182   /**
 183      * convert a string from one UTF-8 char to one UTF-16 char
 184      *
 185      * Normally should be handled by mb_convert_encoding, but
 186      * provides a slower PHP-only method for installations
 187      * that lack the multibye string extension.
 188      *
 189      * @param    string  $utf8 UTF-8 character
 190      * @return string  UTF-16 character
 191      * @access private
 192      */
 193  	function utf82utf16($utf8)
 194      {
 195          // oh please oh please oh please oh please oh please
 196          if(function_exists('mb_convert_encoding')) {
 197              return mb_convert_encoding($utf8, 'UTF-16', 'UTF-8');
 198          }
 199  
 200          switch(strlen($utf8)) {
 201              case 1:
 202                  // this case should never be reached, because we are in ASCII range
 203                  // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 204                  return $utf8;
 205  
 206              case 2:
 207                  // return a UTF-16 character from a 2-byte UTF-8 char
 208                  // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 209                  return chr(0x07 & (ord($utf8[0]) >> 2))
 210                      . chr((0xC0 & (ord($utf8[0]) << 6))
 211                          | (0x3F & ord($utf8[1])));
 212  
 213              case 3:
 214                  // return a UTF-16 character from a 3-byte UTF-8 char
 215                  // see: http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 216                  return chr((0xF0 & (ord($utf8[0]) << 4))
 217                          | (0x0F & (ord($utf8[1]) >> 2)))
 218                      . chr((0xC0 & (ord($utf8[1]) << 6))
 219                          | (0x7F & ord($utf8[2])));
 220          }
 221  
 222          // ignoring UTF-32 for now, sorry
 223          return '';
 224      }
 225  
 226   /**
 227      * encodes an arbitrary variable into JSON format (and sends JSON Header)
 228      *
 229      * @param    mixed $var    any number, boolean, string, array, or object to be encoded.
 230      *                        see argument 1 to Services_JSON() above for array-parsing behavior.
 231      *                        if var is a strng, note that encode() always expects it
 232      *                        to be in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
 233      *
 234      * @return mixed JSON string representation of input var or an error if a problem occurs
 235      * @access public
 236      */
 237  	function encode($var)
 238      {
 239          header('Content-type: application/json');
 240          return $this->_encode($var);
 241      }
 242      /**
 243      * encodes an arbitrary variable into JSON format without JSON Header - warning - may allow CSS!!!!)
 244      *
 245      * @param    mixed $var    any number, boolean, string, array, or object to be encoded.
 246      *                        see argument 1 to Services_JSON() above for array-parsing behavior.
 247      *                        if var is a strng, note that encode() always expects it
 248      *                        to be in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
 249      *
 250      * @return mixed JSON string representation of input var or an error if a problem occurs
 251      * @access public
 252      */
 253  	function encodeUnsafe($var)
 254      {
 255          return $this->_encode($var);
 256      }
 257      /**
 258      * PRIVATE CODE that does the work of encodes an arbitrary variable into JSON format
 259      *
 260      * @param    mixed $var    any number, boolean, string, array, or object to be encoded.
 261      *                        see argument 1 to Services_JSON() above for array-parsing behavior.
 262      *                        if var is a strng, note that encode() always expects it
 263      *                        to be in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
 264      *
 265      * @return mixed JSON string representation of input var or an error if a problem occurs
 266      * @access public
 267      */
 268  	function _encode($var)
 269      {
 270  
 271          switch (gettype($var)) {
 272              case 'boolean':
 273                  return $var ? 'true' : 'false';
 274  
 275              case 'NULL':
 276                  return 'null';
 277  
 278              case 'integer':
 279                  return (int) $var;
 280  
 281              case 'double':
 282              case 'float':
 283                  return (float) $var;
 284  
 285              case 'string':
 286                  // STRINGS ARE EXPECTED TO BE IN ASCII OR UTF-8 FORMAT
 287                  $ascii = '';
 288                  $strlen_var = strlen($var);
 289  
 290              /*
 291                  * Iterate over every character in the string,
 292                  * escaping with a slash or encoding to UTF-8 where necessary
 293                  */
 294                  for ($c = 0; $c < $strlen_var; ++$c) {
 295  
 296                      $ord_var_c = ord($var[$c]);
 297  
 298                      switch (true) {
 299                          case $ord_var_c == 0x08:
 300                              $ascii .= '\b';
 301                              break;
 302                          case $ord_var_c == 0x09:
 303                              $ascii .= '\t';
 304                              break;
 305                          case $ord_var_c == 0x0A:
 306                              $ascii .= '\n';
 307                              break;
 308                          case $ord_var_c == 0x0C:
 309                              $ascii .= '\f';
 310                              break;
 311                          case $ord_var_c == 0x0D:
 312                              $ascii .= '\r';
 313                              break;
 314  
 315                          case $ord_var_c == 0x22:
 316                          case $ord_var_c == 0x2F:
 317                          case $ord_var_c == 0x5C:
 318                              // double quote, slash, slosh
 319                              $ascii .= '\\'.$var[$c];
 320                              break;
 321  
 322                          case (($ord_var_c >= 0x20) && ($ord_var_c <= 0x7F)):
 323                              // characters U-00000000 - U-0000007F (same as ASCII)
 324                              $ascii .= $var[$c];
 325                              break;
 326  
 327                          case (($ord_var_c & 0xE0) == 0xC0):
 328                              // characters U-00000080 - U-000007FF, mask 110XXXXX
 329                              // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 330                              if ($c+1 >= $strlen_var) {
 331                                  $c += 1;
 332                                  $ascii .= '?';
 333                                  break;
 334                              }
 335  
 336                              $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c, ord($var[$c + 1]));
 337                              $c += 1;
 338                              $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
 339                              $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
 340                              break;
 341  
 342                          case (($ord_var_c & 0xF0) == 0xE0):
 343                              if ($c+2 >= $strlen_var) {
 344                                  $c += 2;
 345                                  $ascii .= '?';
 346                                  break;
 347                              }
 348                              // characters U-00000800 - U-0000FFFF, mask 1110XXXX
 349                              // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 350                              $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c,
 351                                          @ord($var[$c + 1]),
 352                                          @ord($var[$c + 2]));
 353                              $c += 2;
 354                              $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
 355                              $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
 356                              break;
 357  
 358                          case (($ord_var_c & 0xF8) == 0xF0):
 359                              if ($c+3 >= $strlen_var) {
 360                                  $c += 3;
 361                                  $ascii .= '?';
 362                                  break;
 363                              }
 364                              // characters U-00010000 - U-001FFFFF, mask 11110XXX
 365                              // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 366                              $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c,
 367                                          ord($var[$c + 1]),
 368                                          ord($var[$c + 2]),
 369                                          ord($var[$c + 3]));
 370                              $c += 3;
 371                              $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
 372                              $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
 373                              break;
 374  
 375                          case (($ord_var_c & 0xFC) == 0xF8):
 376                              // characters U-00200000 - U-03FFFFFF, mask 111110XX
 377                              // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 378                              if ($c+4 >= $strlen_var) {
 379                                  $c += 4;
 380                                  $ascii .= '?';
 381                                  break;
 382                              }
 383                              $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c,
 384                                          ord($var[$c + 1]),
 385                                          ord($var[$c + 2]),
 386                                          ord($var[$c + 3]),
 387                                          ord($var[$c + 4]));
 388                              $c += 4;
 389                              $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
 390                              $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
 391                              break;
 392  
 393                          case (($ord_var_c & 0xFE) == 0xFC):
 394                          if ($c+5 >= $strlen_var) {
 395                                  $c += 5;
 396                                  $ascii .= '?';
 397                                  break;
 398                              }
 399                              // characters U-04000000 - U-7FFFFFFF, mask 1111110X
 400                              // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 401                              $char = pack('C*', $ord_var_c,
 402                                          ord($var[$c + 1]),
 403                                          ord($var[$c + 2]),
 404                                          ord($var[$c + 3]),
 405                                          ord($var[$c + 4]),
 406                                          ord($var[$c + 5]));
 407                              $c += 5;
 408                              $utf16 = $this->utf82utf16($char);
 409                              $ascii .= sprintf('\u%04s', bin2hex($utf16));
 410                              break;
 411                      }
 412                  }
 413                  return  '"'.$ascii.'"';
 414  
 415              case 'array':
 416              /*
 417                  * As per JSON spec if any array key is not an integer
 418                  * we must treat the the whole array as an object. We
 419                  * also try to catch a sparsely populated associative
 420                  * array with numeric keys here because some JS engines
 421                  * will create an array with empty indexes up to
 422                  * max_index which can cause memory issues and because
 423                  * the keys, which may be relevant, will be remapped
 424                  * otherwise.
 425                  *
 426                  * As per the ECMA and JSON specification an object may
 427                  * have any string as a property. Unfortunately due to
 428                  * a hole in the ECMA specification if the key is a
 429                  * ECMA reserved word or starts with a digit the
 430                  * parameter is only accessible using ECMAScript's
 431                  * bracket notation.
 432                  */
 433  
 434                  // treat as a JSON object
 435                  if (is_array($var) && count($var) && (array_keys($var) !== range(0, sizeof($var) - 1))) {
 436                      $properties = array_map(array($this, 'name_value'),
 437                                              array_keys($var),
 438                                              array_values($var));
 439  
 440                      foreach($properties as $property) {
 441                          if(Services_JSON::isError($property)) {
 442                              return $property;
 443                          }
 444                      }
 445  
 446                      return '{' . join(',', $properties) . '}';
 447                  }
 448  
 449                  // treat it like a regular array
 450                  $elements = array_map(array($this, '_encode'), $var);
 451  
 452                  foreach($elements as $element) {
 453                      if(Services_JSON::isError($element)) {
 454                          return $element;
 455                      }
 456                  }
 457  
 458                  return '[' . join(',', $elements) . ']';
 459  
 460              case 'object':
 461                  $vars = get_object_vars($var);
 462  
 463                  $properties = array_map(array($this, 'name_value'),
 464                                          array_keys($vars),
 465                                          array_values($vars));
 466  
 467                  foreach($properties as $property) {
 468                      if(Services_JSON::isError($property)) {
 469                          return $property;
 470                      }
 471                  }
 472  
 473                  return '{' . join(',', $properties) . '}';
 474  
 475              default:
 476                  return ($this->use & SERVICES_JSON_SUPPRESS_ERRORS)
 477                      ? 'null'
 478                      : new Services_JSON_Error(gettype($var)." can not be encoded as JSON string");
 479          }
 480      }
 481  
 482   /**
 483      * array-walking function for use in generating JSON-formatted name-value pairs
 484      *
 485      * @param    string  $name name of key to use
 486      * @param    mixed $value  reference to an array element to be encoded
 487      *
 488      * @return string  JSON-formatted name-value pair, like '"name":value'
 489      * @access private
 490      */
 491  	function name_value($name, $value)
 492      {
 493          $encoded_value = $this->_encode($value);
 494  
 495          if(Services_JSON::isError($encoded_value)) {
 496              return $encoded_value;
 497          }
 498  
 499          return $this->_encode(strval($name)) . ':' . $encoded_value;
 500      }
 501  
 502   /**
 503      * reduce a string by removing leading and trailing comments and whitespace
 504      *
 505      * @param    $str    string    string value to strip of comments and whitespace
 506      *
 507      * @return string  string value stripped of comments and whitespace
 508      * @access private
 509      */
 510  	function reduce_string($str)
 511      {
 512          $str = preg_replace(array(
 513  
 514                  // eliminate single line comments in '// ...' form
 515                  '#^\s*//(.+)$#m',
 516  
 517                  // eliminate multi-line comments in '/* ... */' form, at start of string
 518                  '#^\s*/\*(.+)\*/#Us',
 519  
 520                  // eliminate multi-line comments in '/* ... */' form, at end of string
 521                  '#/\*(.+)\*/\s*$#Us'
 522  
 523              ), '', $str);
 524  
 525          // eliminate extraneous space
 526          return trim($str);
 527      }
 528  
 529   /**
 530      * decodes a JSON string into appropriate variable
 531      *
 532      * @param    string  $str    JSON-formatted string
 533      *
 534      * @return mixed number, boolean, string, array, or object
 535      *                corresponding to given JSON input string.
 536      *                See argument 1 to Services_JSON() above for object-output behavior.
 537      *                Note that decode() always returns strings
 538      *                in ASCII or UTF-8 format!
 539      * @access public
 540      */
 541  	function decode($str)
 542      {
 543          $str = $this->reduce_string($str);
 544  
 545          switch (strtolower($str)) {
 546              case 'true':
 547                  return true;
 548  
 549              case 'false':
 550                  return false;
 551  
 552              case 'null':
 553                  return null;
 554  
 555              default:
 556                  $m = array();
 557  
 558                  if (is_numeric($str)) {
 559                      // Lookie-loo, it's a number
 560  
 561                      // This would work on its own, but I'm trying to be
 562                      // good about returning integers where appropriate:
 563                      // return (float)$str;
 564  
 565                      // Return float or int, as appropriate
 566                      return ((float)$str == (integer)$str)
 567                          ? (integer)$str
 568                          : (float)$str;
 569  
 570                  } elseif (preg_match('/^("|\').*(\1)$/s', $str, $m) && $m[1] == $m[2]) {
 571                      // STRINGS RETURNED IN UTF-8 FORMAT
 572                      $delim = substr($str, 0, 1);
 573                      $chrs = substr($str, 1, -1);
 574                      $utf8 = '';
 575                      $strlen_chrs = strlen($chrs);
 576  
 577                      for ($c = 0; $c < $strlen_chrs; ++$c) {
 578  
 579                          $substr_chrs_c_2 = substr($chrs, $c, 2);
 580                          $ord_chrs_c = ord($chrs[$c]);
 581  
 582                          switch (true) {
 583                              case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\b':
 584                                  $utf8 .= chr(0x08);
 585                                  ++$c;
 586                                  break;
 587                              case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\t':
 588                                  $utf8 .= chr(0x09);
 589                                  ++$c;
 590                                  break;
 591                              case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\n':
 592                                  $utf8 .= chr(0x0A);
 593                                  ++$c;
 594                                  break;
 595                              case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\f':
 596                                  $utf8 .= chr(0x0C);
 597                                  ++$c;
 598                                  break;
 599                              case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\r':
 600                                  $utf8 .= chr(0x0D);
 601                                  ++$c;
 602                                  break;
 603  
 604                              case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\"':
 605                              case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\\'':
 606                              case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\\\':
 607                              case $substr_chrs_c_2 == '\\/':
 608                                  if (($delim == '"' && $substr_chrs_c_2 != '\\\'') ||
 609                                  ($delim == "'" && $substr_chrs_c_2 != '\\"')) {
 610                                      $utf8 .= $chrs[++$c];
 611                                  }
 612                                  break;
 613  
 614                              case preg_match('/\\\u[0-9A-F]{4}/i', substr($chrs, $c, 6)):
 615                                  // single, escaped unicode character
 616                                  $utf16 = chr(hexdec(substr($chrs, ($c + 2), 2)))
 617                                      . chr(hexdec(substr($chrs, ($c + 4), 2)));
 618                                  $utf8 .= $this->utf162utf8($utf16);
 619                                  $c += 5;
 620                                  break;
 621  
 622                              case ($ord_chrs_c >= 0x20) && ($ord_chrs_c <= 0x7F):
 623                                  $utf8 .= $chrs[$c];
 624                                  break;
 625  
 626                              case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xE0) == 0xC0:
 627                                  // characters U-00000080 - U-000007FF, mask 110XXXXX
 628                                  //see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 629                                  $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 2);
 630                                  ++$c;
 631                                  break;
 632  
 633                              case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xF0) == 0xE0:
 634                                  // characters U-00000800 - U-0000FFFF, mask 1110XXXX
 635                                  // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 636                                  $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 3);
 637                                  $c += 2;
 638                                  break;
 639  
 640                              case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xF8) == 0xF0:
 641                                  // characters U-00010000 - U-001FFFFF, mask 11110XXX
 642                                  // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 643                                  $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 4);
 644                                  $c += 3;
 645                                  break;
 646  
 647                              case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xFC) == 0xF8:
 648                                  // characters U-00200000 - U-03FFFFFF, mask 111110XX
 649                                  // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 650                                  $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 5);
 651                                  $c += 4;
 652                                  break;
 653  
 654                              case ($ord_chrs_c & 0xFE) == 0xFC:
 655                                  // characters U-04000000 - U-7FFFFFFF, mask 1111110X
 656                                  // see http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/unicode.html#utf-8
 657                                  $utf8 .= substr($chrs, $c, 6);
 658                                  $c += 5;
 659                                  break;
 660  
 661                          }
 662  
 663                      }
 664  
 665                      return $utf8;
 666  
 667                  } elseif (preg_match('/^\[.*\]$/s', $str) || preg_match('/^\{.*\}$/s', $str)) {
 668                      // array, or object notation
 669  
 670                      if ($str[0] == '[') {
 671                          $stk = array(SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR);
 672                          $arr = array();
 673                      } else {
 674                          if ($this->use & SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE) {
 675                              $stk = array(SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ);
 676                              $obj = array();
 677                          } else {
 678                              $stk = array(SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ);
 679                              $obj = new stdClass();
 680                          }
 681                      }
 682  
 683                      array_push($stk, array('what'  => SERVICES_JSON_SLICE,
 684                                          'where' => 0,
 685                                          'delim' => false));
 686  
 687                      $chrs = substr($str, 1, -1);
 688                      $chrs = $this->reduce_string($chrs);
 689  
 690                      if ($chrs == '') {
 691                          if (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR) {
 692                              return $arr;
 693  
 694                          } else {
 695                              return $obj;
 696  
 697                          }
 698                      }
 699  
 700                      //print("\nparsing {$chrs}\n");
 701  
 702                      $strlen_chrs = strlen($chrs);
 703  
 704                      for ($c = 0; $c <= $strlen_chrs; ++$c) {
 705  
 706                          $top = end($stk);
 707                          $substr_chrs_c_2 = substr($chrs, $c, 2);
 708  
 709                          if (($c == $strlen_chrs) || (($chrs[$c] == ',') && ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_SLICE))) {
 710                              // found a comma that is not inside a string, array, etc.,
 711                              // OR we've reached the end of the character list
 712                              $slice = substr($chrs, $top['where'], ($c - $top['where']));
 713                              array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, 'where' => ($c + 1), 'delim' => false));
 714                              //print("Found split at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");
 715  
 716                              if (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR) {
 717                                  // we are in an array, so just push an element onto the stack
 718                                  array_push($arr, $this->decode($slice));
 719  
 720                              } elseif (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ) {
 721                                  // we are in an object, so figure
 722                                  // out the property name and set an
 723                                  // element in an associative array,
 724                                  // for now
 725                                  $parts = array();
 726  
 727                                  if (preg_match('/^\s*(["\'].*[^\\\]["\'])\s*:\s*(\S.*),?$/Uis', $slice, $parts)) {
 728                                      // "name":value pair
 729                                      $key = $this->decode($parts[1]);
 730                                      $val = $this->decode($parts[2]);
 731  
 732                                      if ($this->use & SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE) {
 733                                          $obj[$key] = $val;
 734                                      } else {
 735                                          $obj->$key = $val;
 736                                      }
 737                                  } elseif (preg_match('/^\s*(\w+)\s*:\s*(\S.*),?$/Uis', $slice, $parts)) {
 738                                      // name:value pair, where name is unquoted
 739                                      $key = $parts[1];
 740                                      $val = $this->decode($parts[2]);
 741  
 742                                      if ($this->use & SERVICES_JSON_LOOSE_TYPE) {
 743                                          $obj[$key] = $val;
 744                                      } else {
 745                                          $obj->$key = $val;
 746                                      }
 747                                  }
 748  
 749                              }
 750  
 751                          } elseif ((($chrs[$c] == '"') || ($chrs[$c] == "'")) && ($top['what'] != SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR)) {
 752                              // found a quote, and we are not inside a string
 753                              array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => $chrs[$c]));
 754                              //print("Found start of string at {$c}\n");
 755  
 756                          } elseif (($chrs[$c] == $top['delim']) &&
 757                                  ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_IN_STR) &&
 758                                  ((strlen(substr($chrs, 0, $c)) - strlen(rtrim(substr($chrs, 0, $c), '\\'))) % 2 != 1)) {
 759                              // found a quote, we're in a string, and it's not escaped
 760                              // we know that it's not escaped becase there is _not_ an
 761                              // odd number of backslashes at the end of the string so far
 762                              array_pop($stk);
 763                              //print("Found end of string at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + 1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");
 764  
 765                          } elseif (($chrs[$c] == '[') &&
 766                                  in_array($top['what'], array(SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ))) {
 767                              // found a left-bracket, and we are in an array, object, or slice
 768                              array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => false));
 769                              //print("Found start of array at {$c}\n");
 770  
 771                          } elseif (($chrs[$c] == ']') && ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR)) {
 772                              // found a right-bracket, and we're in an array
 773                              array_pop($stk);
 774                              //print("Found end of array at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");
 775  
 776                          } elseif (($chrs[$c] == '{') &&
 777                                  in_array($top['what'], array(SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ))) {
 778                              // found a left-brace, and we are in an array, object, or slice
 779                              array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => false));
 780                              //print("Found start of object at {$c}\n");
 781  
 782                          } elseif (($chrs[$c] == '}') && ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ)) {
 783                              // found a right-brace, and we're in an object
 784                              array_pop($stk);
 785                              //print("Found end of object at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");
 786  
 787                          } elseif (($substr_chrs_c_2 == '/*') &&
 788                                  in_array($top['what'], array(SERVICES_JSON_SLICE, SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR, SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ))) {
 789                              // found a comment start, and we are in an array, object, or slice
 790                              array_push($stk, array('what' => SERVICES_JSON_IN_CMT, 'where' => $c, 'delim' => false));
 791                              $c++;
 792                              //print("Found start of comment at {$c}\n");
 793  
 794                          } elseif (($substr_chrs_c_2 == '*/') && ($top['what'] == SERVICES_JSON_IN_CMT)) {
 795                              // found a comment end, and we're in one now
 796                              array_pop($stk);
 797                              $c++;
 798  
 799                              for ($i = $top['where']; $i <= $c; ++$i)
 800                                  $chrs = substr_replace($chrs, ' ', $i, 1);
 801  
 802                              //print("Found end of comment at {$c}: ".substr($chrs, $top['where'], (1 + $c - $top['where']))."\n");
 803  
 804                          }
 805  
 806                      }
 807  
 808                      if (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_ARR) {
 809                          return $arr;
 810  
 811                      } elseif (reset($stk) == SERVICES_JSON_IN_OBJ) {
 812                          return $obj;
 813  
 814                      }
 815  
 816                  }
 817          }
 818      }
 819  
 820      /**
 821      * @todo Ultimately, this should just call PEAR::isError()
 822      */
 823  	function isError($data, $code = null)
 824      {
 825          if (class_exists('pear')) {
 826              return PEAR::isError($data, $code);
 827          } elseif (is_object($data) && (get_class($data) == 'services_json_error' ||
 828                                  is_subclass_of($data, 'services_json_error'))) {
 829              return true;
 830          }
 831  
 832          return false;
 833      }
 834  }
 835  
 836  if (class_exists('PEAR_Error')) {
 837  
 838      class Services_JSON_Error extends PEAR_Error
 839      {
 840  		function Services_JSON_Error($message = 'unknown error', $code = null,
 841                                      $mode = null, $options = null, $userinfo = null)
 842          {
 843              parent::PEAR_Error($message, $code, $mode, $options, $userinfo);
 844          }
 845      }
 846  
 847  } else {
 848  
 849      /**
 850      * @todo Ultimately, this class shall be descended from PEAR_Error
 851      */
 852      class Services_JSON_Error
 853      {
 854  		function Services_JSON_Error($message = 'unknown error', $code = null,
 855                                      $mode = null, $options = null, $userinfo = null)
 856          {
 857  
 858          }
 859      }
 860  
 861  }
 862  endif;


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